Fruits and Vegetables Seeds

Fruits & Vegetable Seeds in India are being viewed as a high growth Industry. Most of the seeds normally remain viable for 2 or 3 years when stored under good conditions. Therefore, only buy seeds from seed firms of known integrity. High-yielding and high price seeds should have 90% germination potential. For germination of seeds adequate moisture, temperature and aeration are essential. The temperature requirement for various fruits and vegetable seeds varies markedly which may vary from high to low depending on the optimum temperature requirement for that particular fruit or vegetable seed. The optimum temperature for germination varies between 4℃ and 40℃. The sown seeds absorb moisture and swells, after which the vital activities in the seeds start taking place. These vital activities include respiration in which the energy is supplied and oxygen is utilized thus, for oxygen supply aeration is essential. Excessive supply of water leads to poor aeration and hinders the seed germination.

The seed treatment is the very first step of seed sowing where in first treatment, the surface of seeds are disinfected using calcium hypochlorite, mercuric chloride and bromide water which helps in eliminating the harmful microorganisms disrupting the germination process.

The second seed treatment uses hot water, formaldehyde and mercuric chloride for elimination of harmful organisms present within the seeds. In the hot water treatment, the dry seeds are immersed in hot water at 45 to 55℃ for a time period of 10 to 15 minutes. In the third seed treatment, fungicides are used to protect the seeds from soil fungi.

After seed treatment, the nursery beds need to be prepared where at first the soil needs to be drenched before sowing. The vegetables seeds should be sown on nursery beds prepared in lines 1.5-2 cm below the surface and at a distance of 5-6 cm. The distance between the lines should be maintained at 10-15 cm and after sowing, the seeds need to be covered with sieved compost lightly.

The above distance between plants or rows can be changed according to the size of seed, kind of vegetables and the types of seedlings while the coverage depth of compost varies with the kind of seed sown. During the seed sowing process, the things that are required to be taken care of includes that very fine seeds may be dusted over the nursery bed while the other seeds may be covered one or two times their minimum diameter. Sprinkler irrigation is an efficient way of watering the seed bed as overwatering cause high humidity and poor aeration around the seeds leading to "damping off" disease.

Individual Sub-Products:
  Sugar Beet Seeds Pomegranate Seeds
  Beet Seeds Tomato Seeds
  Clover Seeds Tamarind Seeds
  Rye Grass Seeds Vegetables Seeds
  Timothey Grass Seeds Fruit Seeds
  Cabbage seeds Seeds of Forage Plants
  Cauliflower Seeds Seeds of Herbaceus Plants
  Onion Seeds Kentucky Blue Grass Seeds
  Pea Seeds Other seeds
  Radish Seeds  
Varieties:
The major seeds which are grown in India are Beet Seeds, Cabbage Seeds, Cauliflower seeds, Fruit Seeds, Onion seeds, Pea Seeds, Pomegranate seeds, Radish Seeds, Tamarind Seeds and Other Seeds, etc
Areas of Cultivation :
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, and Odisha.
India Facts and Figures:
The country has exported 13605.72 MT of Fruits and Vegetables Seeds to the world for the worth of Rs. 827.13 crores/ 103.28 USD Millions during the year 2022-23.
Major Export Destinations (2022-23): U.S.A, Netherland, Bangladesh, United Arab Emts, Thailand and Korea Rep were major importing countries of Indian seeds during the same period.